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Shaping a circular industrial ecosystem and supporting life-cycle thinking

NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING
NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING Plan - Phase 1. Building a sustainable future.
Navarra Social Housing Plan is the Government of Navarra's response to the growing social demand for rental housing. These buildings represent the sustainable future thanks to their efficiency and industrialisation. Architecture and public building are shown as the solution to the climate crisis. Social housing buildings will be the landmark of innovation for society, creating a new industrial ecosystem in the region based on the circular economy.
Spain
Regional
Navarra
It addresses urban-rural linkages
It refers to a physical transformation of the built environment (hard investment)
Yes
2025-02-05
Yes
EIB loan, signed in 2017, (https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20160441). NextGenerationEU funds, 2021, Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia (PRTR), Programa 6, (https://planderecuperacion.gob.es/como-acceder-a-los-fondos/convocatorias/BDNS/723272/acuerdo-mrr-programa-6-construccion-de-viviendas-protegidas-para-alquiler-social-a-traves-de-nasuvinsa).
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
As a representative of an organisation

The main objective of the Navarra Social Housing plan is to respond to the great challenge of the demand for social rental housing in the region. This has been achieved by building a public housing stock based on passive and efficient construction.
Thus, the main objectives of the plan have been met:
- Housing at the centre. Favouring vulnerable groups of the population through the development of specific housing developments that facilitate access to housing for the elderly, young people and people with disabilities.
- Strategic public-public and public-private collaboration of agents to maximise resources and speed up change.
- Eradicate energy poverty in the public housing stock and maintain high levels of environmental comfort in housing.
- Circular economy. Develop a housing plan that changes the paradigm of construction from a linear economy responsible for 30% of global emissions to a circular economy that respects the planet.
- Protecting the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions both in the consumption of users and in the construction of the buildings themselves.
- Territorial rebalancing and the fixation of the population in rural areas. Promoting innovation in building through projects based on construction with sustainable materials that reduce the carbon footprint.
- Encouraging the use of green energy in developments, favouring the installation of biomass chip boilers. Promoting an energy model that is not dependent on oil and the development of the forestry industrial fabric in rural areas.
- Smart buildings. Energy management of dwellings by means of an ad hoc energy management platform developed specifically for their control and correct maintenance.
- Promotion of new tools to carry out more efficient and higher quality projects with the BIM Building Information Management methodology.

This will contribute to meeting the sustainable development Green Deal and 2030 objectives.
Social and technical innovation
Environmental commitment: sustainable and industrialized construction
Pilot projects for the region: towards positive buildings
Commitment to accelerate transformation of building sector
Inclusive buildings: housing for everyone
Objectives of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING in terms of sustainability:
- Energy efficiency of dwellings. The PassivHaus standard is chosen to guarantee the optimum efficiency of the buildings and to guarantee the minimum consumption and expenditure of the tenants. Energy poverty is thus tackled.
The PassivHaus standard was chosen because Spanish regulations had not yet defined the Nearly Zero Energy Consumption Building standard, and it is ahead of the regulations in 2017.
- Use of clean energy. The minimum energy required is produced by green energies. The use of local biomass is used to guarantee energy independence and the creation of local employment linked to the region's energy sector. In addition, plug and play roofs are installed to support the common consumption of the buildings.
In the development of the Plan there is a move from highly efficient buildings to energy-positive buildings.
- Smart buildings. The buildings are managed energetically by an specific energy management platform which, by monitoring dwellings, guarantees optimum comfort for people by measuring humidity, temperature and CO2.
- Carbon footprint reduction. The buildings have been constructed with industrialised elements (timber in many cases) to guarantee their quality, the optimisation of resources and adequate waste management in their controlled offsite construction.
- Measurement and control. Materials Passports and Life Cycle Analysis of buildings has been started. Buildings are understood as material banks and their impact is studied over their entire useful life.
The last building constructed has been certified as a Sustainable Building by AENOR.
- Optimisation of resources. All of this is being managed using the BIM methodology, which allows processes and resources to be optimised, always guaranteeing the best quality of the buildings.
These guidelines have directly impacted in private sector due to the important momentum of the interest in efficiency in Housing.
NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING's objectives in terms of aesthetics and quality of experience:
- Prioritise the quality of housing.
In addition to quality in terms of execution and efficiency, a priority objective has been to guarantee the comfort and quality of life of the people living in.
In the public tenders for architectural projects, different aspects were evaluated to guarantee this quality. On the one hand, the quality of the interior spaces was valued in order to take care of the families in the private part of the building where they will live in privacy. On the other hand, the design and quality of the communal areas of the buildings were rated. It is in these spaces where the community life of the neighbourhood takes place, so the functioning of these rooms had to be guaranteed.
Criteria for the friendliness of the spaces were always guaranteed, as well as their flexibility of use in the case of the interior of the dwellings, among others.
- Design and impact on the environment.
Always with the understanding that buildings make the city, another of the aspects valued in the public tenders was the design for their integration into the environment in which they were located. In addition to the existing regulations in each location, a design that favoured the integration of the building in its immediate surroundings and in the daily life of the district had to be guaranteed. To this end, attention had to be paid to the design of the façades, their colours, as well as the impact of the design of the ground floors and how they affected the way they functioned in the daily life of the immediate surroundings.
- Reference projects.
Phase 1 of the NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING Plan has always been considered a reference for design and its impact on society. The aim was to be projects of great quality and beauty that would spearhead contemporary architecture in the region.
Main objectives of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING in terms of inclusion:
- Housing for all people.
The Plan was designed to respond to the general social demand, but especially to respond to the needs of groups with greater specific housing needs, such as young people, the elderly and people with disabilities.
The housing has been designed to respond to these needs and in many cases to bring together different profiles and guarantee the diversity and social integration of people.
Many of the developments have common areas for the use of neighbours which will guarantee interpersonal relations and the integration of the tenants.
- Rural areas
For the first time, social Housing were built in rural areas in order to fix population.
- Variety of family units.
The concept of family has changed and social housing has to respond to this. Different types of housing in the same building are favoured. It also guarantees the polyvalence of the rooms without continuing with the common stereotypes such as a large bedroom and smaller ones.
- Gender perspective.
Design with a gender perspective is a Nasuvinsa requirement for its housing. It must be taken into consideration in the design of the interior of the homes and also of the communal areas.
- Universal accessibility of the homes.
It is a design requirement to guarantee accessibility. To this end, in addition to the regulations, other aspects are taken into consideration, such as the easy adaptability of the homes with minor interventions.
Some of the developments have been certified with the ILUNION (ONCE Group) Universal Accessibility standard.
- Affordable prices.
All of this always with affordable economic conditions for families. The cost of renting homes is 6.65€/m2 in the main urban centres compared to the average cost of renting in Navarre, which is 10.50€/m2 . Therefore, the cost is 3.85 €/m2 below the average, almost 37%.
These buildings are clearly a refference for the region and its future.
Citizens are at the centre of the NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING project.
In particular, people who need access to affordable, quality social housing.
In Navarre, this demand is collected through the Single Census of subsidised housing managed by the public company Nasuvinsa on behalf of the Government of Navarre.
All applicants for social housing must comply with the requirements set out in the regulations and register in this Census. Thus, for the allocation of housing, different scales are assessed for the allocation of the different types of subsidised housing. Aspects such as the number of family members, single-parent families, people with disabilities, victims of domestic violence... This demand is broken down by the different municipalities in the region so that the different needs in the territory are known.
In addition, thanks to Nasuvinsa's long history in the promotion and management of social housing and thanks to the satisfaction surveys it carries out with tenants, positive aspects and areas for improvement of these homes are collected. Nasuvinsa's management teams (both technical maintenance and social) have direct contact with the tenants and collect all this knowledge and learning in the new buildings.
This knowledge is included in the Nasuvinsa housing requirements document, which is compulsory for the drafting of architectural projects.
This therefore has a direct impact on the housing in Phase 1 of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING as it responds to a real demand from society and all the people who make it up. This demand translates into both the number of dwellings and their characteristics.
The NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING project from its Phase 1 is a clear example of a project developed thanks to the involvement of many agents in the region.
The promoter of the project is the Government of Navarra through the public company Nasuvinsa. However, beyond the regional level, different agents have been involved.
At the European level, the agreement with the European Investment Bank has made it possible to obtain soft loans worth €39.7m to finance the investments. At the national level, the agreement with the Spanish Ministry of Housing and Urban Agenda to promote affordable rental construction has enabled subsidies worth €12.6m to be obtained. The Government of Navarre contributed €23.8m and Nasuvinsa €31.5m.
In addition, various agreements were signed with town councils in different towns in Navarre (both in cities and in rural areas) whereby these municipalities provided plots of land for the construction of the buildings by Nasuvinsa. The clear objective of this action is to fix the population in areas that are fighting against depopulation. This contribution is valued at €14.7m.
A total of 520 homes have been developed directly.
In addition to these synergies of collaboration between public entities, work has also been done to achieve new collaboration schemes between public and private agents. In this Phase 1 of the Plan, 71 homes have been developed through this delegated development scheme. Strategic alliances have been developed with non-profit social entities from the third sector, as well as with profit providers with a contribution of €13.5M. These entities have entrusted the development and management of their projects to Nasuvinsa.
In total, Phase 1 consists of 591 dwelling-units in the territory.
The clear objective of these synergies is to accelerate the construction of new housing in order to respond to the demand of the citizens.
We must build quickly and make the best possible use of public investment.
As housing is a sector in which many agents of society converge, Nasuvinsa has tried to involve them in the different stages of the NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING project.
Taking into account the personnel that make up the Nasuvinsa company, there are many aspects that are taken into account from the beginning of the project.
We work with the social side of the company to develop the needs of the territory, as well as the specific needs and characteristics of the dwellings.
For the development of architectural and engineering projects, we work with teams that have won public tenders together with Nasuvinsa's own technical teams. Collaborative work is carried out from the drafting of the project, during the execution of the works until their completion. This means that the different construction companies, as well as the industrial part of the construction value chain, also join these teams.
This is extremely important when constructing buildings with industrialised elements. All parties must contribute knowledge in order to develop the best possible project.
Once the buildings are finished, the allocation of housing is carried out and the team of social workers accompanies the families from the first visit to the homes and throughout the families' stay. They are the link between the tenants and the housing maintenance team.
In addition, social workers from different municipalities are involved in the integration of families in social live (school, care service…).

There is no doubt that the intervention of the different agents makes the quality of the housing optimal for the tenants. This means that the subsequent maintenance of the homes is reduced for both the families and Nasuvinsa.
With regard to social innovations, the first thing to point out is that it was a great commitment to social rental housing. Until now, in Navarre and in Spain in general, the norm was to build subsidised housing for sale and purchase.
In addition, the project focuses on social profiles that have historically demanded specific housing because they are outside the usual profile: young people, the elderly and the disabled. Thus, specific housing has been designed for these groups taking into account their specific needs: housing flexibility, accessibility...
In addition, as a social integration measure, some buildings have mixed profiles of people. In these cases, the buildings have common relationship spaces to improve the social interactions of the tenants.
On the other hand, several buildings have opted for a convergence of uses on the ground floor. The ground floors contain municipal premises that serve the district. This situation encourages the integration of people in their immediate environment and favours interpersonal relations with the neighbourhood.
On the other hand, the technical innovation and R+D+i of the project is clear. The buildings are highly energy efficient in terms of people's consumption to guarantee the lowest energy cost. This minimum consumption is achieved by using only green energies (local biomass, aerothermal, PFV...).
In addition, the impact of the buildings has been considered from their construction to the end of their useful life. Considering that construction is responsible for 30% of global emissions, it is essential to act on this. Industrialised solutions have been evaluated as an essential tool to achieve the greatest possible sustainability and a construction based on the circular economy. The NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING buildings will not be demolished in the future, they will be dismantled and reused. Offsite construction is the only way to control and reduce the impact of our buildings.
The preliminary phase of the project consisted of a SWOT analysis of the situation in the region. This showed a high demand for social housing, as well as a potential in the construction sector that would enable such a shift towards more sustainable construction. Undoubtedly this also required an existing industrial sector in the region (with important companies at national and European level) to respond to the demand for sustainable and industrialised construction based on the circular economy and low environmental impact.
Thus, the NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING plan was strategically defined as part of a short-medium term strategy in parallel to the search for financing from the EIB. Likewise, an energy standard tested in Europe was sought in order to demand Nearly Zero Energy Consumption Building criteria. The PassivHaus standard was studied and found to be the optimum in terms of requirements.
At the same time, work was carried out with most of the town councils in Navarre to obtain as many plots as possible in areas where there was a demand for social housing. Following this study, collaboration agreements were signed between public agents.
Work was also carried out with private agents who showed interest in signing public-private collaboration agreements.
In the meantime, the architectural and engineering projects were put out to public tender and, following the drafting of the works contracts.
The execution of the projects was monitored and the first families moved into their homes.
Throughout this process, Nasuvinsa's technical team monitored the projects.
This process will be replicated scaled up in Phase 2 of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING, already underway, where the construction of a total of 762 homes is planned, of which 431 will be self-developed and 331 delegated. Phase 3 is planed too.
In terms of partnerships to accelerate housing construction, it is important to highlight public-private partnerships to integrate private financing in the social housing sector. This is a factor that makes it possible to promote this type of housing, which is in growing demand at the European level.
Public-public collaboration between political actors at different levels is also important. The municipalities provide the vision and knowledge of the specific social functioning of cities and towns, while an entity such as Nasuvinsa-Government of Navarre provides a global vision of the territory. The mix between the two is an optimal combination when it comes to housing.
These schemes can be replicated in other European areas and even for the development of projects in other areas.
On the social side, the convergence of profiles and uses is a positive aspect for social integration that can be easily replicated in other places and achieves very enriching experiences.
In terms of technological aspects, the commitment to a clearly innovative project based on sustainability means an acceleration of the conversion of the construction and industrial sector to respond to this public demand. Phase 1 of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING has led to the creation of 300 direct jobs and the training of workers in the construction sector in energy efficiency. This training is now also having an impact in terms of BIM methodology.
On the other hand, the commitment to the industrialisation of projects has meant setting a new standard in terms of quality and environmental sustainability. Also in terms of safety in the execution of works. This is a step forward for Navarre, there is no going back.
The fact of being a transforming agent for society is the most important process that can be replicated in other regions.
Housing as a global problem.
Navarre tackles this problem on the basis of its capacity to provide a response. The Autonomous Community of Navarre has transferred powers in the field of housing (among others). It has and must solve the problem at a regional level. NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING is clearly a commitment to tackle the situation.
Fight against energy poverty.
The project is committed to maximum energy efficiency in housing to guarantee the environmental and thermal comfort of tenants. This is the only way to guarantee the fight against energy poverty and to guarantee the quality of life of families.
Fight against depopulation.
Most of humanity is going to live in cities. Navarre does not escape this reality and is suffering from the depopulation of the rural areas of the territory. The commitment to social housing in these locations guarantees the fixation of population.
Emissions from buildings during their useful life.
Emissions from buildings should move from passive to energy-positive buildings. Throughout the development of this Phase 1 of NAVARRA SOCIAL HOUSING, we have been moving towards this new model of building that should prevail in the near future.
Energy independence
We must opt for renewable energy sources that do not make us depend on external agents. This is the case of locally sourced biomass, aerothermal systems and the photovoltaic and hybrid panels used in the project.
Construction as a source of GHG emissions.
The construction sector is one of the main actors in global greenhouse gas emissions, estimated to be responsible for 30% of emissions. It is therefore important to attack the new buildings, which should be based on the circular economy. They will be banks of materials that can be dismantled at the end of their useful life.
The commitment to this type of construction creates skilled jobs and allows the inclusion of women in the construction sector.
The use of wood guarantees the creation of jobs in rural areas.
- Housing:
591 housing units, 16 buildings for 1,500 people.
Almost 40,000 square meters of usable housing, average floor area of 72 square meters with common areas to favor relationships between tenants.
The buildings are aimed at the elderly, young people and people with disabilities, others are a mix of profiles, favoring access to housing and their integration into society according to the principles of the New European Bauhaus.
- Energy savings:
77% savings in heating demand compared to the standard and therefore in the reduction of CO2 emissions, as it is also supplied by green energy sources.
- Investment:
135.8M€, 300 jobs created.
EIB: €39.7M loan. Program 6 of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan of the Next Generation EU funds: €12.6M grants. Government of Navarra: €23.8M. Nasuvinsa: €31.5M. Local councils: €14.7M. Private investment: €13.5M.
- Rental costs:
The cost of housing rental is 6.65€/m2 in the main urban centers of the region (6.28€/m2 in the rest of the municipalities) versus the average rental cost in Navarra is 10.50€/m2, so Navarra Social Housing is 3.85€/m2 below the average, almost 37%.
- Agents of change:
It is important to underline the role of Nasuvinsa from the public administration as a driving force for the promotion of energy efficiency and the use of industrialized components in construction. The growing demand from the administration in terms of industrialization and construction based on circular economy, as well as its management under BIM methodology, has led the architecture and engineering sector to train in this regard.
These factors have been a lever for the implementation in Navarra of the BAI - Building & Architecture Institute, a national center of industrialization in collaboration with the ETH from Zurich that puts Navarra in the international focus.